[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.ruefa.cz\/zavolejte-na-pomoc-namornika\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.ruefa.cz\/zavolejte-na-pomoc-namornika\/","headline":"Zavolejte na pomoc n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edka!","name":"Zavolejte na pomoc n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edka!","description":"Sez\u00f3nn\u00ed souhv\u011bzd\u00ed jsou oblasti na obloze s&nbsp;p\u0159esn\u011b vyzna\u010den\u00fdmi hranicemi, kter\u00e9 se na obloze vyskytuj\u00ed v&nbsp;ur\u010ditou sez\u00f3nu &ndash; ro\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed. Jsou tvo\u0159ena z&nbsp;hv\u011bzd, kter\u00e9 v&nbsp;minulosti lidem p\u0159ipom\u00ednaly r\u016fzn\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata \u010di bohy, podle kter\u00fdch jsou pojmenov\u00e1na. Pot\u00e9 jsou je\u0161t\u011b souhv\u011bzd\u00ed cirkumpol\u00e1rn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 jsou vid\u011bt po cel\u00fd rok. 1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Jarn\u00ed obdob\u00ed &middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Lev &middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Past\u00fd\u0159 &middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Panna &middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; [&hellip;]","datePublished":"2019-11-10","dateModified":"2023-05-10","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.ruefa.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.ruefa.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/baa231f7e1963b29d6549eb0e137b049d877d4e97c51386f463c7d4fc98329bd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/baa231f7e1963b29d6549eb0e137b049d877d4e97c51386f463c7d4fc98329bd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"ruefa.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.ruefa.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a361590_w3904_t1574788872.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.ruefa.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a361590_w3904_t1574788872.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.ruefa.cz\/zavolejte-na-pomoc-namornika\/","about":["Kultura"],"wordCount":823,"articleBody":"\tSez\u00f3nn\u00ed souhv\u011bzd\u00ed jsou oblasti na obloze s&nbsp;p\u0159esn\u011b vyzna\u010den\u00fdmi hranicemi, kter\u00e9 se na obloze vyskytuj\u00ed v&nbsp;ur\u010ditou sez\u00f3nu &ndash; ro\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed. Jsou tvo\u0159ena z&nbsp;hv\u011bzd, kter\u00e9 v&nbsp;minulosti lidem p\u0159ipom\u00ednaly r\u016fzn\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata \u010di bohy, podle kter\u00fdch jsou pojmenov\u00e1na. Pot\u00e9 jsou je\u0161t\u011b souhv\u011bzd\u00ed cirkumpol\u00e1rn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 jsou vid\u011bt po cel\u00fd rok.\t1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Jarn\u00ed obdob\u00ed\t&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Lev\t&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Past\u00fd\u0159\t&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Panna\t&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hydra\t&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Velk\u00fd v\u016fz &ndash; &bdquo;Velk\u00e1 Medv\u011bdice&ldquo;\tOd jara jsou souhv\u011bzd\u00ed nejl\u00e9pe pozorovateln\u00e1 kolem p\u016flnoci, p\u0159i jarn\u00ed rovnodennosti. V\u011bt\u0161inou p\u0159i pohledu sm\u011brem k&nbsp;jihu. Lev je souhv\u011bzd\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed pod\u00e9l eliptiky, jinak se tak\u00e9 naz\u00fdv\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159etn\u00edkov\u00e9 souhv\u011bzd\u00ed, d\u00e1 se tedy za\u0159adit znamen\u00ed zv\u011brokruhu. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee jedinc\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed se narodili v ur\u010dit\u00e9m obdob\u00ed roku, n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 znamen\u00ed.\tHydra, v&nbsp;sou\u010dasnosti nejdel\u0161\u00ed a neju\u017e\u0161\u00ed souhv\u011bzd\u00ed, se d\u00e1 tak\u00e9 pozorovat na ja\u0159e. Je pozorovateln\u00e1 kdekoliv na Zemi a nen\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 ji na obloze rozpoznat. Vedle n\u00ed se tak\u00e9 nach\u00e1z\u00ed Poh\u00e1r \u010di Havran. Nad Hydrou se ty\u010d\u00ed souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Lva. Jihoz\u00e1padn\u011b od Lva pot\u00e9 Panna.\t\t2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Letn\u00ed obdob\u00ed\t&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Herkules\t&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hadono\u0161\t&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0160t\u00edr\t&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; St\u0159elec\t&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Kozoroh\tNejl\u00e9pe pozorovateln\u00e9 p\u0159i pohledu sm\u011brem k&nbsp;jihu. L\u00e9pe je\u0161t\u011b kolem p\u016flnoci. St\u0159elec, dal\u0161\u00ed ze znamen\u00ed zv\u011brokruhu, se nach\u00e1z\u00ed na ji\u017en\u00ed obloze. Op\u011bt souhv\u011bzd\u00ed, kter\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed do znamen\u00ed zv\u011brokruhu, Kozoroh, jeho\u017e nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hv\u011bzdou je Deneb Algedi. Nese jm\u00e9no podle \u0159eck\u00e9ho boha les\u016f.\tNejji\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm souhv\u011bzd\u00edm je St\u0159elec. Z\u00e1padn\u011b od n\u011bj se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Kozoroh. Nad St\u0159elcem m\u016f\u017eeme naj\u00edt dal\u0161\u00ed souhv\u011bzd\u00ed jako je Hadono\u0161. Toto souhv\u011bzd\u00ed se v&nbsp;ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 dob\u011b p\u0159idalo jako t\u0159in\u00e1ct\u00e9 znamen\u00ed zv\u011brokruhu, av\u0161ak moc lid\u00ed tento fakt ignoruje a pokud u\u017e chce ur\u010dit sv\u00e9 znamen\u00ed, pou\u017eije star\u0161\u00ed verzi.\t\t3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Podzimn\u00ed obdob\u00ed\t&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Pegas\t&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Andromeda\t&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Velk\u00fd v\u016fz\t&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Beran\tPodzimn\u00ed hv\u011bzdy najdeme nejl\u00e9pe pozorovateln\u00e9 okolo p\u016flnoci p\u0159i podzimn\u00ed rovnodennosti. Na obloze dominuje Pegas\u016fv \u010dtverec, kter\u00fd obsahuje nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hv\u011bzdy Markab, Algenib a Enif, kter\u00e1 tvo\u0159\u00ed nozdru.\tAndromeda, o kter\u00e9 existuje i pov\u011bst, kdy ji kr\u00e1l nechal p\u0159ikovat na \u00fates, aby od\u010dinil troufalost sv\u00e9 man\u017eelky, kter\u00e1 o Andromed\u011b \u0159ekla, \u017ee je kr\u00e1sn\u00e1 jako mo\u0159sk\u00e9 nymfy. Za trest m\u011bla b\u00fdt Andromeda ob\u011btov\u00e1na mo\u0159sk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u0161e\u0159e &ndash; souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Velryby. Av\u0161ak Andromedu zachr\u00e1nil Perseus. Nakonec se vzali.\t4.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Zimn\u00ed obdob\u00ed\t&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Orion\t&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Bl\u00ed\u017eenci\t&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; B\u00fdk\t&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Mal\u00fd a Velk\u00fd pes\tPosledn\u00edm ro\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00edm je zima. Souhv\u011bzd\u00ed, nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed se v&nbsp;tomto obdob\u00ed, jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1na jako jedna z&nbsp;nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch. Jejich obrazce pat\u0159\u00ed k&nbsp;velmi zn\u00e1m\u00fdm.\tB\u00fdk, znamen\u00ed zv\u011brokruhu a souhv\u011bzd\u00ed, s&nbsp;nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hv\u011bzdou Aldebaran. Souhv\u011bzd\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme zahl\u00e9dnout nejl\u00e9pe od listopadu do prosince p\u0159ed p\u016flnoc\u00ed. Orion nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed se v&nbsp;imagin\u00e1rn\u00edm st\u0159edu je obklopen souhv\u011bzd\u00edm Mal\u00e9ho psa, B\u00fdka, Jednoro\u017ece \u010di Eridanusu.\tV&nbsp;d\u00e1vn\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch se mo\u0159eplavci a n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edci orientovali podle hv\u011bzd. Trvalo dlouho, ne\u017e poznali no\u010dn\u00ed oblohu a souhv\u011bzd\u00ed a dok\u00e1zali podle n\u00ed ur\u010dit sm\u011br. V&nbsp;t\u00e9to dob\u011b sta\u010d\u00ed kompas \u010di chytr\u00fd telefon a polohu v\u00edme okam\u017eit\u011b. Ob\u010das by ale nebylo od v\u011bci v\u0161echny vymo\u017eenosti nechat stranou a orientovat se jen podle p\u0159\u00edrody.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3.7\/5 - (8 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Zavolejte na pomoc n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edka!","item":"https:\/\/www.ruefa.cz\/zavolejte-na-pomoc-namornika\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]